Cranial nerve 8 : The vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for hearing, but also helps to control balance and movement. Injury can occur to the pons from trauma or other injury to the brainstem. An injury to the pons would impair the cranial nerve functions associated with this part of the brain stem, and you could experience damage to facial sensation, eye movement, hearing, taste, and more.
One example of an injury to the pons is the pontine stroke. This can take the form of a stroke caused by a blot clot or a hemorrhage. Either way, these strokes cut off the oxygen supply to the affected area of the brain, causing damage to the areas where the clot or bleeding occurred. Damage to the pons can be detected by assessing symptoms such as problems with eye movements, taste, and balance.
A cranial nerve assessment will test the function of the cranial nerves within the pons, as well as other parts of the brain. Additionally, imaging may help provide more specific information about an injury to the pons and the extent of the damage. The following are a few examples of tests that may be done to determine the level of function in the brainstem. Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life.
American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Anatomy of the brain. Updated Chapter An overview of the brainstem.
Arguinchona, JH, Tadi, P. Neuroanatomy, reticular activating system. Updated Nov. Cranial nerve assessment: a concise guide to clinical examination. BMC Neurol. Khaku A, Tadi P. National Center For Biotechnology Information. Cerebrovascular disease stroke. Updated November Ischemic stroke in pontine and corona radiata: Location specific impairment of neural network investigated with resting state fMRI. Front Neurol.
Stroke recovery and lesion reduction following acute isolated bilateral ischaemic pontine infarction: A case report. BMC Res Notes. Caplan LR. Lacunar infarction and small vessel disease: Pathology and pathophysiology. J Stroke. Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellHealth. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page.
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Table of Contents View All. Table of Contents. Risk Factors. The amygdaloid body is also known as the amygdaloid nucleus. This is an oval structure located within the temporal lobe of the human brain. The putamen is a large structure located within the brain.
It is involved in a very complex feedback loop that prepares and aids in movement of the…. In the brain, oxygenated blood travels through an extensive and central cerebral arterial circle.
This network is called the circle of Willis. The jejunum is one of three sections that make up the small intestine. Learn about its function and anatomy, as well as the conditions that can affect…. The vagus nerve is the longest of the 12 cranial nerves. Here, learn about its anatomy, functions, and the kinds of health problems that can occur. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. The largest cranial nerve, the trigeminal nerve aids in facial sensation and chewing.
The abducens nerve assists in eye movement. The facial nerve enables facial movement and expressions. It also aids in our sense of taste and swallowing. The vestibulocochlear nerve aids in hearing and helps us maintain our equilibrium. The pons helps to regulate the respiratory system by assisting the medulla oblongata in controlling breathing rate. The pons is also involved in the control of sleep cycles and the regulation of deep sleep. The pons activates inhibitory centers in the medulla in order to inhibit movement during sleep.
Another primary function of the pons is to connect the forebrain with the hindbrain. It connects the cerebrum to the cerebellum through the cerebral peduncle. The cerebral peduncle is the anterior portion of the midbrain that consists of large nerve tracts. The pons relays sensory information between the cerebrum and cerebellum. Functions under the control of the cerebellum include fine motor coordination and control, balance, equilibrium, muscle tone, fine motor coordination, and a sense of body position.
Directionally , the pons is superior to the medulla oblongata and inferior to the midbrain. Sagittally, it is anterior to the cerebellum and posterior to the pituitary gland.
The fourth ventricle runs posteriorly to the pons and medulla in the brainstem. Damage to the pons can result in serious problems as this brain area is important for connecting areas of the brain that control autonomic functions and movement.
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